| Adiantum pedatum |
Northern maidenhair fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Container garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Allium cernuum |
Nodding onion |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Asclepias tuberosa |
Butterfly milkweed, Butterfly weed, Butterfly-weed, Common butterfly weed, Common butterfly-weed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Carex grayi |
Gray's sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Carex plantaginea |
Plantain-leaved sedge, Plantainleaf sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Rock garden, Shade garden, Songbirds |
Wet conditions |
| Chasmanthium latifolium |
River oats, Indian wood oats, Inland sea oats, Wild oats, Wood-oat, Northern sea oats |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Seeds and nuts, Shade garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Chasmanthium laxum |
Slender spikegrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Rain garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Conoclinium coelestinum |
Mistflower, Ageratum, Blue boneset, Blue mistflower, Wild ageratum |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Fire, Wet conditions |
| Coreopsis verticillata |
Whorled coreopsis, Thread-leaf coreopsis |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rooftops, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Salt |
| Cornus amomum |
Silky dogwood |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Container garden, Erosion control, Erosion control, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Dryopteris intermedia |
Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Container garden, Mass planting, Shade garden, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Dryopteris marginalis |
Marginal wood fern, Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern, Leather wood fern, Marginal shield fern, Marginal shield-fern, Marginal woodfern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Equisetum praealtum |
Tall scouring rush |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Barrier, Border, Container garden, Meadows, Patio, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Fragaria virginiana |
Wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry |
Herbs |
Container garden, Edible garden, Erosion control, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Geum canadense |
White avens |
Herbs |
Container garden, Mass planting, Shade garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants |
| Helenium autumnale |
Common sneezeweed, Autumnale sneezeweed |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Container garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Helianthus angustifolius |
Narrow-leaved sunflower |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds |
Poor soil, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Helianthus divaricatus |
Woodland sunflower |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Heuchera americana |
Alumroot, American alumroot, Coral bells, Rock geranium |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Hibiscus moscheutos |
Swamp rose mallow, Swamp rose-mallow, Crimson-eyed rose-mallow, Eastern rose-mallow |
Herbs, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Heat, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Iris versicolor |
Northern blue flag, Larger blue flag |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Cutting garden, Frogs and toads, Mass planting, Meadows, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Iris virginica |
Virginia blue flag, Southern blue flag, Southern blue flag iris |
Herbs |
Container garden, Frogs and toads, Mass planting, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Juncus effusus |
Soft rush, Common rush |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Container garden, Erosion control, Rain garden, Winter interest |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Liatris spicata |
Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Monarda punctata |
Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Meadows, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Muhlenbergia capillaris |
Hair-awn muhly, Long-awn hairgrass, Pink muhly |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Container garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Garden for the blind, Meadows, Rock garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Heat, Poor soil, Salt |
| Oenothera biennis |
Common evening-primrose |
Herbs |
Bats, Container garden, Nighttime Garden |
|
| Opuntia humifusa |
Eastern prickly-pear, Eastern prickly-pear cactus |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Edible garden, Meadows, Reptiles, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat, Salt |
| Panicum virgatum |
Switchgrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Edible garden, Erosion control, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Persicaria virginiana |
Virginia knotweed, Jumpseed |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Container garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Phlox divaricata |
Wild blue phlox, Woodland phlox |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Fragrant garden, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Phlox subulata |
Moss phlox, Moss-pink |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Air pollution, Dry soils, drought, Fire, Poor soil, Salt |
| Physostegia virginiana |
Obedient plant |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Polemonium reptans |
Jacob's ladder, Greek valerian, Spreading jacob's ladder |
Herbs |
Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Polystichum acrostichoides |
Christmas fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Container garden, Mass planting, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire |
| Pontederia cordata |
Pickerelweed, Pickerel weed |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Container garden, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Rudbeckia hirta |
Gloriosa daisy, Black eyed susan, Black-eyed susan |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Low growing, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Seeds and nuts, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streetside planting |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Some foot traffic |
| Rudbeckia laciniata |
Cut-leaved coneflower, Tall coneflower, Green-headed coneflower, Wild goldenglow, Cutleaf coneflower |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Saururus cernuus |
Lizard's-tail, Water-dragon |
Herbs |
Container garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Sisyrinchium angustifolium |
Narrow-leaved blue-eyed-grass, Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass, Blue-eyed grass, Bermuda blue-eyed grass , Blue eyes , Grass flower , Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass , Narrow-leaf blue-eyed-grass , Sassy grass , Stout blue-eyed grass |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Solidago caesia |
Bluestem goldenrod, Blue-stemmed goldenrod, Wreath goldenrod, Axillary goldenrod |
Herbs |
Bats, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Solidago rugosa |
Rough-stemmed goldenrod, Wrinkle-leaf goldenrod |
Herbs |
Bats, Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Symphyotrichum lateriflorum |
Calico aster, Starved aster |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Symphyotrichum oblongifolium |
Aromatic aster |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Walkways |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Symplocarpus foetidus |
Skunk cabbage |
Herbs |
Container garden, Meadows, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Wet conditions |
| Tiarella cordifolia |
Heart-leaved foamflower |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Shade garden, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Typha angustifolia |
Narrowleaf cattail |
Herbs |
Container garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Typha latifolia |
Broad-leaved cattail, Broadleaf cattail, Common cattail |
Herbs |
Container garden, Mass planting, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Heat, Poor soil, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Viola sororia |
Common blue violet, Confederate violet |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Edible garden, Erosion control, Lawn, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Zizia aptera |
Heart-leaf golden-alexanders, Meadow parsnip |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
|